Bill gates

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Bill Gates is the most successful business man in the world today, and he is also in the fastest growing industry in the world. "Most of Bills personal beliefs revolve around working hard and trying your hardest to succeed. He believes that if you are intelligent and know how to apply your intelligence you can accomplish anything. Bill thinks that if you don't work your hardest you will never succeed…"

Bill Gates, a onetime computer nerd, was the only chief executive Microsoft had until he decided to hand over the responsibility to his partner, Paul Allen. To the world, he was a symbol of American technology. To his executives, he was a hard-driving boss who preferred high-level technical discussions. Although he began Microsoft on a shoestring, his is not a rags-to-riches story (Cook 64-66). Instead, he was the prototype of the new digital generation.

Born October 8, 155, Gates and his two sisters were from a prominent Seattle family. His father, William Henry Gates Jr., was a partner in a Seattle law firm and his mother, Mary, was a regent at the University of Washington and a chairwoman of United Way International. (Gates, 15)

Bill Gates' first interest in computers began at Lakeside, a private school in Seattle that Gates attended. There he wrote his "first software program when I was thirteen years old. It was for playing tic-tac-toe" (Gates, 15). By the time he was thirteen years old, Gates was programming in the Basic computer language. The gangly and awkward child had turned pro by seventeen, selling his first program for $4,00. He spent a couple of years at Harvard University, but he was an unexceptional student, preferring all-night poker games and messing with computers to classes (Quittner, 1).

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Bill Gates

It was at Lakeside that Gates met Paul Allen, who later became cofounder with Gates of Microsoft. There they became friends and "began to mess around with the computer". Back in the sixties and early seventies computer time was expensive. This is what drove Gates to the commercial side of the software business. Gates, Allen and a few others from Lakeside decided to get entry-level software programming jobs. This is where one of Gates' early programs was written. It was a program that scheduled classes for students. Gates added a few instructions and found himself nearly the only guy in a class full of girls. (Gates, 15)

When the first affordable small computer came out a machine called the Altair that sold in kit form for $400 Gates lost all interest in school. He had found his true love. He and Paul Allen --- whom Gates met while a student at Seattle's exclusive Lakeside Preparatory School --- moved to Albuquerque, N.M, establishing Microsoft in 175. (Gates, 15)

In 17, Intel released their first microprocessor chip, the 8008. Gates attempted to write a version of BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) for the new Intel chip, but the chip did not contain enough transistors to handle it. Gates and Allen found a new way to use the 8008 and "started Traf-O-Data, a computer traffic analysis company" (Clayton 45). It worked well, however marketing their new machine proved to be impossible. "No one actually wanted to buy the machine, at least not from a couple of teenagers" (Gates, 15). Gates and Allen had less successful endeavors in starting a software company.

In 174, Intel announced their new chip, the 8080. The two college students sent off letters "to all the big computer companies offering to write them a version of BASIC for the new Intel chip. We got no takers" (Lyall, 14).

Bill Gates 4

While at Harvard, the cool thing to do was to slack off on class for most of the semester and try to see how well the student could do at the end. Steve Ballmer and Gates "took a tough graduate-level economics course together. The professor allowed his class to bet their whole grade on the final if they chose". Gates did just that, not studying until it was time for the final for the class all semester, studied for the final and got an A. (Economist, 14)

Gates went on leave from Harvard in 175. Microsoft's big economic break came in 180 when "IBM- the computer industry leader- asked Gates to develop an operating system for its new personal computer" (Clayton 45). IBM usually did not use external help in software design or hardware manufacture, but they wanted to release the first personal computer in less than a year. "IBM had elected to build its PC mainly from off-the-shelf components available to anyone.

This made a platform that was fundamentally open, which made it easy to copy". IBM bought the microprocessors from Intel and licensed the operating system from Microsoft. Microsoft bought some work from another company in Seattle and hired its top engineer, Tim Paterson. The system became known as the Microsoft Disk Operating System, or MS-DOS (Rohm, 14).

While Gates was still young, his competitors soon learned that there was a deep competitive spirit and even a ruthlessness that could not be hidden by his squeaky voice and thick glasses. The future of Microsoft was assured when Gates bought the rights to a computer operating system, improved it, and then sold it to International Business Machines Corporation for use with IBM's then revolutionary Personal Computer.

Bill gates 5

The name Personal Computer created the term "PC" and Gates' Microsoft Disk Operating System became known to almost every computer user as DOS. (Schlender 50-5)

The company grew with the PC into the country's largest software company. Gates himself became as close as possible to an industry superstar, eventually eclipsing even Steven Jobs, co-founder of Apple Computer, as the man most identified with America's dominance in the digital world (Fortune, 1).

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A raison in the sun

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Coup number one is the scene when Ruth finds out that she is pregnant and wishes to tell Walter. Ruth wants to tell Walter about the new baby and their plans weather or not to keep the baby but he has his own little problems and is too mind bothered to listen. So Mamma sits him down and makes him listen. In this scene, it shows how Walter really doesn't know his wife as well as he thought he did and as well as the communication gap between Walter and Ruth. The fact that he thought that Ruth would never think of getting an abortion shows the lack of communication between them. To his surprise, Ruth would throw away all her morals for the well-being of her family. This scene really touched me because I'm against abortion yet I understood why Ruth was considering having the unborn child killed. The questions of supporting this child surely crossed her mind. If they can barely support them selves but most importantly their son Travis, why have another child?

Coup number two is the scene where Walter comes home drunk and tries to tell Momma about his plans on the liquor store and then Momma harshly turns him down and rejects his ideas. As you read this scene, you have an understanding of both Momma and of Walter. Momma doesn't wish to give Walter any of the money because she feels that his ideas are unrealistic and not worth the money. Although she has no reason to entrust such a large amount of money to Walter, you feel a pity for Walter. I felt bad for Walter because he was being treated like "the boy who cried wolf". His attempts to tell Momma about his ideas have not only failed but were not even listened to. In his mind, he had the most brilliant idea in the world yet he had nobody with whom he may share his ideas with. Momma rejected his ideas without even listening or any consideration what so ever. If that were any other human being, the reactions would be quite similar to Walter's. The fact that a thirty-five years old man who wishes to be head of the family and has dreams, cannot communicate with his family and is being ignored like a child.

Coup number three is the scene where Mr. Linder shows up at their house to inform them that their community does not encourage the moving of black people into their white community. Ruth, Beneatha and Walter were shocked and outraged. Who was this man, to come into their house and try to persuade them in to not moving into their community because they are black? Because racism has diminished in our time, the impacts of Mr. Linder's words are more intense. This is perhaps one of the reasons why I felt anger out of Mr. Linder's arrival. What got me even more angry while reading this scene was the effort that the community when through in order to have the Youger family removed from their so called peaceful community instead of settling their racial differences. Although Mr. Linder's intentions were negative, you have to understand how he must have felt. I sort of pitied Mr. Linder because I know for a fact that if I were in his position I would be experiencing the same emotions. The nervousness and fear as he tried to politely state the community's predicament.

Coup number four is the scene where Willy ran away with all of Momma's money. While reading this scene I felt anger and I also felt bad for Walter. For the first time in his life, Momma entrusted him with a large amount of money and also entrusted with the responsibility to lead their family. Walter felt proud and held his head up high. Those moments quickly ended when he gambled all that money on a single thought. Although I felt bad that Walter had all that money stolen, I was angrier because of his stupidity. He did not only lose his half of the money, but Beneatha's tuition money as well. Although Momma told him to put away three thousand dollars out of the sixty five hundred for beneatha's tuition, him being a risk taker, ignored Momma's words and went on with his plans. What really got me sad while reading this scene is the trust that Momma had in her son. She really trusted him and Walter proved her wrong. I personally believe that one of the worst things to lose is a person's trust. I could only imagine the anger and disappointment Momma felt towards Walter when she found out about him losing all that money.

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Sophocles Uses A Well-Known Greek Legend, In Sophocles, To Engage His Audience

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During the time before the birth of Christ many civilizations were born and broken. Ancient Greece was a particularly renowned civilization because of the many major leaps in all cultural and academic aspects. It was at this time that modern theatre began. The legend of Oedipus was a story that everyone knew but it was Sophocles who turned this story into a masterpiece. The legend of Oedipus is about Oedipus, the King of Thebes, and his quest to find the murderer of the previous King, Laius. The qualities of Oedipus' character cause a prophecy to be uncovered, and the murderer that Oedipus is searching for turns out to be Oedipus himself. Sophocles had a unique playwriting style that fully engaged his audience, in both ancient and contemporary times. To engage his audience, Sophocles used universal and controversial themes, structured the play specially, used dramatic irony, and emphasized the character of Oedipus.

The interest of the audience is indisputably captured by Oedipus. Many novels feature a hero, for example, in fantasy texts there is often a hero who wields special powers or a magical item. This hero is used to engage the audience in awe, wonder and interest. In Oedipus the King, Oedipus is the hero. He has many fine Athenian qualities, such as determination, intelligence, nobleness, and being quick to act, and thus the plot revolves around this wondrous character. "So I will fight for him as if he were my father, stop at nothing, search the world…" This shows just what a heroic character Oedipus is. The audience is even more rapt by Oedipus when he inescapably convicts himself of murder and incest, and resolves to blind and banish himself. "I'd never have come to this, my father's murderernever been branded mother's husband, all men see me now!" As Oedipus falls from a glorious hero to a blind and powerless murderer, the audience is further enthralled by this character. Sophocles uses this character to mesmerize the audience as they watch the play.

Sophocles uses dramatic irony in the play to captivate the viewer. Sophocles clearly uses this technique when Oedipus says, "I pity you. I seehow could I fail to see what longings bring you here?" Dramatic irony is evident because Oedipus is saying that he pities and can see the strife of the people, when really it is him, who is blind to the truth, and him that is to be pitied. This technique utilizes the fact that the audience, in ancient times, is aware of the plot although the characters in the play are not. Sophocles uses this technique to influence the audience to feel sympathy, compassion and pity for the characters. The audience feels the urge to aid the helpless characters as they hurtle forward in their quest for discovery.

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Sophocles has supplemented the well-known legend of Oedipus with universal and controversial themes to create the play Oedipus the King. His use of contentious themes fascinates the audience as they are largely interested in how the characters deal with murder, incest, arrogance towards the Gods, fate, prophecy and death. In addition, these themes are still relevant to today's society. When Oedipus ridicules Tiresias and the Gods, the audience is fascinated by this conflict of beliefs in fate and free will, "…you and your birds, your godsnothing." By including these universal and controversial themes, Sophocles has created another aspect to enthrall the observer.

Sophocles captivates the spectators furthermore by the way in which he structures the chorus to participate in the play. The tragic chorus, often known just as the chorus, was an important part of Greek tragedy because of the way it interacted with the characters and the audience. During the play the chorus sang and conversed with the characters, often singing of extreme horror, love, joy, or hate. The chorus helped to engage the audience in many ways. Firstly, the chorus was often used to represent the public. This meant that the audience could relate first-hand to the characters and therefore the play too. For example, just after Tiresias the prophet has said that Oedipus is the murderer himself, the chorus reveals in their song, "Never will I convict my king, never in my heart." These loyal words are portraying the public opinion. Secondly, the chorus frequently spoke of past or unseen events that were necessary for the audience's appreciation of the plot. Finally, the chorus sung and danced regularly. This was often an exiting spectacle which undoubtedly captivated the onlookers' interests. All together, the chorus played a crucial part in ancient Greece theatre. It definitely captured the viewer's attention.

Sophocles does indeed use a well-known Greek legend to engage his audience. To do this he constructs the play around a hero, Oedipus, employs dramatic irony, exploits universal and controversial themes, and utilizes the chorus. Through these techniques Sophocles has changed an ancient Greek legend, to a play that is incredibly fascinating to watch. Sophocles' play, Oedipus the King, is as relevant today as it was in the time of the great playwright himself.

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Top-to-Bottom Curriculum Redesign

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by Holton and Bailey

The article I reviewed was an Instructional System design case study. A decision by the company to scrap its current curriculum and redesign a new one all within 6 months. The companys desicion was based on the assumption that it would cost $500,000 to redesign and million if they did not.

I belive the title met the objective of the aticle in discussing the redesign of the program. It was well writen and easy to read, although not specific enough that one would take on a task this large.

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At the end it did provide insight into the problems of not having enough time, and how that in HRD you are never given enough time to do it right (but given enough time one may spend too much time in the planning process). Effective organization is important for the design and development of a training curriculum. As can be seen from the examples provided in this article, systematic organization underlies the successful implementation of a curriculum. If the curriculum planners develop unity of purpose among all participants, they can capitalize on all available capabilities to allow participants to pursue personal goals while contributing even more to the program.

Many lessoned were learned by taking on a rask this large but the most important thing that I walked away from this article with is as circumstances change, training must evolve and adapt.

The article I reviewed was an Instructional System design case study. A decision by the company to scrap its current curriculum and redesign a new one all within 6 months. The companys desicion was based on the assumption that it would cost $500,000 to redesign and million if they did not.

I belive the title met the objective of the aticle in discussing the redesign of the program. It was well writen and easy to read, although not specific enough that one would take on a task this large.

At the end it did provide insight into the problems of not having enough time, and how that in HRD you are never given enough time to do it right (but given enough time one may spend too much time in the planning process). Effective organization is important for the design and development of a training curriculum. As can be seen from the examples provided in this article, systematic organization underlies the successful implementation of a curriculum. If the curriculum planners develop unity of purpose among all participants, they can capitalize on all available capabilities to allow participants to pursue personal goals while contributing even more to the program.

Many lessoned were learned by taking on a rask this large but the most important thing that I walked away from this article with is as circumstances change, training must evolve and adapt.

The article I reviewed was an Instructional System design case study. A decision by the company to scrap its current curriculum and redesign a new one all within 6 months. The companys desicion was based on the assumption that it would cost $500,000 to redesign and million if they did not.

I belive the title met the objective of the aticle in discussing the redesign of the program. It was well writen and easy to read, although not specific enough that one would take on a task this large.

At the end it did provide insight into the problems of not having enough time, and how that in HRD you are never given enough time to do it right (but given enough time one may spend too much time in the planning process). Effective organization is important for the design and development of a training curriculum. As can be seen from the examples provided in this article, systematic organization underlies the successful implementation of a curriculum. If the curriculum planners develop unity of purpose among all participants, they can capitalize on all available capabilities to allow participants to pursue personal goals while contributing even more to the program.

Many lessoned were learned by taking on a rask this large but the most important thing that I walked away from this article with is as circumstances change, training must evolve and adapt.

Holton and Bailey

Please note that this sample paper on Top-to-Bottom Curriculum Redesign is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Top-to-Bottom Curriculum Redesign, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Top-to-Bottom Curriculum Redesign will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.

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Cloning

If you order your research paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Cloning. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Cloning paper right on time.

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In 17 Ian Wilmut, a Scottish scientist, announced the creation of a cloned lamb named Dolly. The announcement came seven months after Dolly had been conceived, thus setting off a major moral and ethical debate. During cloning scientists create another genetic copy of an individual (All). While cloning is a multi-faceted subject, it must be looked at from all different perspectives before making a judgment. Some of the different cloning types include embryonic stem cells, animals, and humans. Animal cloning is a noble cause, but embryonic stem cloning and human cloning is immoral and unethical (Burley ).

Cloning animals is an excellent way to research diseases and ways to fight them (All ). Some examples of animals that have been cloned are cows, mice, monkeys, and sheep. Others have cloned cows so they produce more milk; this results in making the milk faster and at a cheaper cost for high quality. Mice have been cloned to study diseases such as cancer. Monkeys are used to help the process of creating medications for humans because monkeys are the closest animals to humans. Scientists can create sheep so their milk contains ingredients for medications. Humans use these medications also. Cloning more sheep could make these medications more attainable at faster rate of production (All ). This is process of how scientists cloned Dolly.

Scientists took other cells from Dolly's DNA mother. They let the cells multiply and then they stopped the process when they had divided enough. They took an egg cell from a different sheep and removed the nucleus. They put one other cell next to the egg cell and joined them using electricity. The egg cell now contained the other cell's entire DNA. The egg cell divided until it developed into an embryo. An embryo is the early stage of an animal before it has been born or hatched. This embryo was placed inside a third sheep. Five months later, this sheep gave birth to Dolly. (All )

Dolly has three moms a mom that supplied her with DNA, one that gave her the egg, and her surrogate mother. Dolly is an exact replica of her DNA mom, except she is six years younger. However, the lamb did not receive any DNA from a father (All). Dolly is not the first experimentation with cloning. Cloning experiments go back to the 170's trial tests of frogs and toads. Cloning animal embryos and plants have been tested for several years (Robl 6).

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Using embryonic stem cells in a person is unethical (O‘Mathuna). One takes the DNA of him or her and grows a fourteen-day cell to help fight diseases. Scientists call this technique "therapeutic cloning." This is not therapeutic cloning when you obtain stem cells, let them grow, and then stop it to benefit yourself. Some Christians look toward the Bible for answers on embryonic stem cloning, where it mentions God's protection and His vision for a child's life (O'Mathuna ). Cloning embryonic stem cells may help treat diseases like Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, diabetes, heart diseases, and spinal cord injuries (Wolfson), but there is no justification for helping one human by destroying another (O'Mathuna).

Cloning a full human is wrong for many reasons. Many would miscarry, die after birth, or experience numerous abnormalities (Wolfson ). In the chance that a clone would survive many would suffer from fatty livers, oversized placentas, big navels, head deformities, defective arteries, lungs, and deficient immune systems. Even Ian Wilmut, the creator of Dolly, thinks cloning a full human would be immoral (Wolfson ). If the clone did survive, him would probably experience emotional unbalance because society would consider them as just a clone (Burley 1). The demands and expectations placed on the clone would be higher than that of a natural born child. He would most likely be expected to act like his donor, especially if the child and parents knew the donor. The cloned person would be raised differently than that of the original (Spark). When someone is cloned it is creating identical twins, but their personalities are not identical. The clone's experiences shape his personality and that, intern, makes him an individual. Society as a whole would not think about a child's welfare if cloning was a success, it would think of the clone as merely a scientific object. Fearful, prejudice people would most likely harm clones (Burley 4). Society has been struggling with prejudice views for years. There is no reason to add another prejudice view to the long list, which already exists. Many would wonder if clones would have the same rights guaranteed in the Constitution or if they would be considered defective and thrown away. If people thought logically, they would never be willing to take those risks, let alone place that uncertainty and pain on others (Wolfson ).

The United States Government requires a separation of church and state, but all the morals and values upheld in the Constitution are humanistically and religiously based. Supporting human cloning would remove the rights of these clones (Robl 1). The United States as a whole believes in a God of some form, or at least some source who gives us life. Cloning humans would be taking God's work into our own hands. House Majority Leader, Richard Armey said, "Creating multiple copies of God's unique handiwork devalues human dignity and turns children into mere products of adult whims. That path leads to designer children, organ farms, and a growing disregard for the sanctity of life." Cloning humans is unethical, both religiously and morally, and if more people knew more about it they would realize that the problems out weighs the benefits (Burley ). God gave us minds to be able to think the impossible, but in so doing He also gave us the means to destroy ourselves.

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Diophantus of Alexandria

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Diophantus is thought to be born around the year 00 AD. Very little is known about his life except for a puzzle from the Greek Anthology compiled by Metrodorus around 500 AD. The puzzle states that Diophantus married at the age of 6, had a son who died at the age of 4, and died himself four years later at the age of 84. These details may be totally fictitious, but they are all the information we know today about this great mathematician.

Diophantus is best known for his work on the series of books, Arithmetica, which contains solutions to algebraic equations and theories on numbers. Only six of the original thirteen books have survived through the years. In Arithmetica, Diophantus outlines 10 problems giving numerical solutions of determinate and indeterminate equations. In these equations, he only considers positive rational solutions to be true. Diophantus believes that receiving a negative number as the solution to an equation absurd because it is meaningless to have negative of something. Also in Arithmetica, he made small advances in the symbolism, yet still only used notation for a single unknown in his equations. When a problem called for more than one unknown, Diophantus simply wrote out "first unknown" and "second unknown" in words. He had to write out in words many of his equations because algebra had a long way to go before general problems could be solved concisely. Another achievement by Diophantus in Arithmetica is his introduction and work on three types of quadratic equations. He had three types, while today we only have one, because he did not have any concept of zero and he avoided negative coefficients by considering the given numbers a, b, c to all be positive in each of them.

Other works of Diophantus include a collection of lemmas called, The Porsims, and another book named, Preliminaries to the Geometric Elements. He refers to The Porsims, which is believed to be entirely lost, in Arithmetica. One lemma in this book is that "the difference of the cubes of two rational numbers is equal to the sum of the cubes of two other rational numbers." Preliminaries to the Geometric Elements was once attributed to Heron, another Greek mathematician, but was found incorrect. Both of these works were very important to the mathematical society. Fortunately, Diophantus was given the renown that he deserved for them.

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Interdependence & Security

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It is naïve to assume that interdependence on it's own invariably minimizes the probability of conflict between states. Interdependence varies depending on the actors involved; each relationship has it's own characteristics but all open up lines of information and dialogue that lessen the chance of strategic miscalculation. Interdependence is, however, an essentially economic form of co-operation, and does not always effect the security environment of the actors involved.

Though interdependence implies a two-way flow of resources, it does not require that these flows be equal. This unequal state relationship is often magnified in states whose elites gain immensely from interdependence but whose general populace sees little benefit. The unrest generated by such a situation can genuinely increase the probability of conflict on both a domestic and international level. Post Cold War US relations with most of the world, and the global reaction to those policies, are a good example of this. The US's dominance of the international system would mean nothing if it could not be used to gain favourable terms for it's agreements, in all arenas. No state gains more from their relations with the US than the US gains itself because the US will, rationally, act in it's own interests first. And yet without a comparably powerful option (with a similarly large market) the unrest generated by the US's unequal interdependences has caused genuinely global unease about US power amongst the general populace, with some extremely damaging side effects (especially in the middle east.) An excellent example of unequal global interdependence spawning an instability that has drawn the US (in various partnerships) into two interstate conflicts far from it's borders. Though interdependence increases the monetary utility of avoiding conflict, the inequality of interdependence can provoke conflict rather than minimize it.

Interdependence requires co-operation, not necessarily a level of trust between states that can influence security policy. In plain terms that means that just because you sell and buy from someone, you still fully expect them to beat you and take everything you have if you're not careful. ASEAN before the financial collapse of the late 0's saw Southeast Asian states interdependent to a level not seen in the region before, while simultaneously using the wealth gained from that interdependence to commence a costly upgrade of their military capabilities. Having read the Keohane-Mearsheimer debate in this week's reading I believe the divide between security and economics at an institutional level is to blame. The international system contains a number of successful co-operative economic institutions but few successful co-operative security institutions. I do not, however, believe this problem something that can be completely remedied but is inherent to the two different systems of security and economics. Capitalist economics is based on wealth creation rather than wealth redistribution, an open system offering unlimited potential for growth. Geo-politics is essentially a closed system, there is only a limited amount of space over which political influence can be projected. Long-term co-operation is easier in economics because all sides can gain over time, while in geo-politics one actor can only gain so much before it must take from another in order to continue gaining. Trust between states is easier in the open system of economics than in the closed system of geo-politics.

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It is naïve to assume that interdependence on it's own invariably minimizes the probability of conflict between states. Interdependence varies depending on the actors involved; each relationship has it's own characteristics. While interdependence invariably opens up lines of information and dialogue that lessen the chance of strategic miscalculation, it does not guarantee an equal distribution of gains (both at inter- and intra-state level) or that economic co-operation will translate into trust and co-operation on security issues. The remaining divide between security and economic issues, and the essential difference between both, provide an environment in which current institutions are unsuitable to the task of converting economic interdependence into co-operative security.

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